# F-188 — Architecture

## Decision

Allow POS orders to be created **with or without full payment**. Allow appending more payments until the order is fully paid.

The schema and state machine already support `PENDING` and `COMPLETED`. No new migration is required. Two additive changes:

1. `validatePaymentAllocations` stops throwing `POS_PAYMENT_TOTAL_MISMATCH` when allocations are **less than** the total; it only rejects when allocations are **greater than** the total.
2. `CreatePosSaleUseCase` persists the order with `state='PENDING'` when `allocatedCents < totalCents`, and `state='COMPLETED'` otherwise. `outstandingCents` is computed at response time.

## Semantics

A POS sale has:

- `totalCents`: authoritative server figure.
- `paidCents`: sum of accepted payments (`payments_transactions.amount_cents`).
- `outstandingCents = totalCents - paidCents`.

Transitions:

- `PENDING` → `COMPLETED` when the next payment brings `paidCents === totalCents`.
- `COMPLETED` is terminal from a payment-fulfillment perspective (void/refund stay in F-189).
- `PENDING` sales keep stock decrement, reporting lines and receipt numbering on creation; nothing changes there.

## API

### `POST /pos/sales` (modified)

Body remains compatible with F-186. New behavior:

- If `payments` sums to `totalCents` → order is `COMPLETED` (existing behavior).
- If `payments` sums to less → order is `PENDING`. `outstandingCents` returned.
- If `payments` sums to more → rejected with `POS_PAYMENT_OVERPAYMENT` (new).

Response gains:

```json
{
  "orderId": "…",
  "state": "PENDING" | "COMPLETED",
  "paidCents": 800,
  "outstandingCents": 200,
  ...
}
```

### `POST /pos/sales/:id/payments` (new)

Body:

```json
{
  "idempotencyKey": "rest-pay-1",
  "cashSessionId": "uuid",
  "terminalId": "uuid",
  "payments": [
    { "methodCode": "cash", "amountCents": 200, "tenderedCents": 250 }
  ]
}
```

Rules:

- Order must be `PENDING` from the `pos` source.
- Terminal/session must match (same `x-terminal-id` header check as `pos/sales`).
- Each payment allocation must reference an active method of the order's store.
- Cash-only `tenderedCents`; change is `tendered - applied`.
- Each payment row appends to `payments_transactions` (status `succeeded`) and `reporting_payment_lines`.
- `expected_cash_cents` increases by cash applied.
- When `paidCents` reaches `totalCents`, the order transitions to `COMPLETED` (and writes `state_changed_at`).
- Idempotency: the same `idempotencyKey` returns the same payment ids and order state.
- Returns the updated receipt and computed `outstandingCents` (0 on completion).

### `GET /pos/sales` (modified)

`querystring` gains `state` (`PENDING` | `COMPLETED`) and `outstandingOnly` boolean. Response rows gain `state`, `paidCents`, `outstandingCents`.

Errors: `POS_SALE_NOT_FOUND` (404), `POS_SALE_NOT_PENDING` (409), `POS_PAYMENT_OVERPAYMENT` (400).

## Race safety

A single transition wraps `payments_transactions` inserts + `reporting_payment_lines` inserts + `pos_cash_sessions` update + `orders_orders` update in one transaction with `SELECT ... FOR UPDATE` on the target order. Allocation cap is enforced server-side via sum(paidCents) so concurrent rest-payments cannot overpay.

## Reporting

Every payment — initial or rest — emits `reporting_payment_lines` with `payment_method_id`, `terminal_id`, `cash_session_id`, `store_id`. `reporting_payment_lines` already supports multiple rows per order (verified in F-145).

`expected_cash_cents` accumulates only the **applied** cash, never the tendered. Cash-only `tenderedCents` still informs the cashier UI change.

## POS cashier UI

- The "Cerrar ticket" button label flips to **Cobrar e imprimir** or **Guardar pendiente** depending on whether allocations cover the total.
- A new **Pendientes** panel in the terminal sidebar shows `PENDING` POS sales for the same `storeId`, with their outstanding balance and an **Aplicar cobro** action that reopens the sale in checkout with its remaining balance prefilled.
- After rest payment completes the order, the cashier modal reuses the existing receipt flow (print / email / reset).

Admin and reporting updates are tracked separately in F-190.

## Tests

Integration coverage:

1. Create POS order with partial payment → `PENDING` and `outstandingCents`.
2. Rest payment that covers → transitions to `COMPLETED`.
3. Overpayment rejected at creation and at rest-payment.
4. Rest payment on a `COMPLETED` order rejected with `POS_SALE_NOT_PENDING`.
5. Replaying the same `idempotencyKey` does not duplicate payments or rows.
6. Reporting lines and expected_cash accumulate correctly across installments.
7. Backend typecheck/build, POS typecheck/build, verify.sh.
